When most people think about cancer, the appendix rarely comes to mind. This August, take some extra time to raise awareness for this rare cancer by wearing amber and learning more about appendix cancer. This small, finger-like pouch attached to the large intestine is often considered a vestigial organ with little function. Yet, in rare cases, it can be the site of a serious and complex disease—appendix cancer.
What Is Appendix Cancer?
Appendix cancer, or appendiceal cancer, occurs when cells in the appendix grow uncontrollably.
It is an extremely rare condition, with an estimated incidence of 1 to 2 cases per million people per year, according to the National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD).
Several types of tumors can arise in the appendix. Carcinoid tumors are the most common; they are typically slow-growing and often discovered incidentally during an appendectomy.
Adenocarcinomas, which are more aggressive and rarer, resemble colon cancer in their behavior.
Mucinous neoplasms produce mucin—a jelly-like substance—and can lead to a serious condition called pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP), where mucin spreads throughout the abdominal cavity.
Another rare type, goblet cell carcinomas, are a hybrid of adenocarcinoma and carcinoid tumors and are known for their aggressive nature.
Symptoms: Often Silent
One of the challenges of diagnosing appendix cancer is that it often causes no symptoms in the early stages.
When symptoms do occur, they can be vague and easily mistaken for more common conditions, such as abdominal pain (often resembling appendicitis), bloating or a feeling of fullness, changes in bowel habits, or unexpected weight loss.
Because of the lack of clear symptoms, many cases are discovered accidentally during surgery for appendicitis or imaging for unrelated conditions.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis usually involves imaging techniques such as CT scans, along with biopsy and histological analysis of any suspicious tissue.
Once diagnosed, treatment depends on the type and stage of the cancer. Options may include surgery and chemotherapy.
Prognosis and Survival Rates
Prognosis varies significantly depending on the type and stage of the cancer at diagnosis. “The 5-year survival rate for neuroendocrine tumors of the appendix and other low-grade tumors is between 67% to 97%. However, the 5-year survival rate for more advanced appendiceal cancer or that which has spread to other parts of the body can be much lower.” -www.cancer.gov
Interesting Facts About Appendix Cancer
- Not
All Tumors Are Cancerous
Some tumors, such as low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMNs), are not technically cancer but can still cause serious complications if they rupture. - "Jelly Belly" Is Rare But Defining
Pseudomyxoma Peritonei (PMP) is often referred to as “jelly belly” due to the buildup of mucin in the abdomen. While rare, it's a defining complication of some appendix tumors. - Misdiagnosis
Is Common
Due to its rarity and subtle symptoms, appendix cancer is frequently misdiagnosed or discovered only during surgery for appendicitis.
Find Sewfinity's Awareness Ribbon Block here
Final Thoughts
Though rare, appendix cancer is a serious condition that
highlights the importance of careful evaluation during abdominal surgeries and
awareness of unusual symptoms.
As research continues, early detection and
advanced treatments offer hope for better outcomes in the future.
If you or someone you know is facing a diagnosis of appendix cancer, consider seeking care at a cancer center with expertise in rare gastrointestinal cancers. Early detection and specialized treatment can make all the difference.
Want to make a project to support appendix cancer awareness? Use the chart below to find solids from your favorite fabric companies.
Find solids for the whole year here.
Disclaimer
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Resources
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD): https://rarediseases.org
American Cancer Society – Appendix Cancer: https://www.cancer.org
National Cancer Institute (SEER Database): https://seer.cancer.gov
#SewPINK: Appendix Cancer